Established by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control, World Rabies Day, observed every year on September 28, aims to raise awareness about the sources of rabies in both humans and animals and to educate the public on how to prevent exposure to this deadly disease.
Each year, over 55,000 people lose their lives to rabies, primarily in regions of Africa and Asia where access to medical care is limited. The leading cause of rabies transmission to humans worldwide is uncontrolled rabies in dogs, with children being at the highest risk of being bitten.
Which Animals Are Most Likely to Carry Rabies?
Rabies is a viral disease that can affect all mammals, but some animals are more likely to carry and transmit the virus. The animals most commonly associated with carrying rabies include:
- Bats: In many parts of the world, including the United States, bats are the leading carriers of rabies. Even though not all bats carry rabies, a significant percentage of human rabies cases in North America are linked to bat bites.
- Raccoons: In the eastern United States, raccoons are a primary wildlife reservoir for rabies. They are frequently involved in the transmission of rabies to pets and humans.
- Skunks: Skunks are another common carrier of rabies, particularly in the central and western parts of the United States. They are known for their aggressive behavior when infected.
- Foxes: Foxes, especially red foxes, are common carriers of rabies in many parts of the world, including Europe and North America. They are often implicated in the spread of rabies to domestic animals.
- Coyotes: Although less common than other wild animals, coyotes can carry and transmit rabies, particularly in areas where rabies is prevalent in wildlife populations.
- Dogs: Globally, dogs are the most significant source of rabies transmission to humans, particularly in regions of Africa and Asia where rabies vaccination programs are less common. In these areas, rabies in dogs is a major public health concern.
- Cats: Domestic cats, while less commonly associated with rabies than dogs, can still be carriers, especially if they are outdoor or feral cats that come into contact with rabid wildlife.
- Mongoose: In some regions, such as parts of Africa and the Caribbean, mongooses are known carriers of rabies and are responsible for a number of human rabies cases.
While these animals are the most common carriers, any mammal can potentially contract and transmit rabies if exposed to the virus. It’s important to avoid contact with wild animals, vaccinate pets, and seek immediate medical attention if bitten by an animal suspected of having rabies.